Method and means for dehairing.



T. K. LOWRY.

METHOD AND MEANS FOR DEHAIRWG. APPLICATION FILED MAY 27. I916.

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METHOD AND MEANS FOR DEHAIRING.

To all whom it may concern. p

Be it known that I, THOMAS K. Lower, a citizen of the United States; residing at Chicago, in the county. of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain-new and useful Improvements in Methods and Means for Dehairing, of which the following s a specification. I v

The invention has for its object the provision of an eflicient and economical-method for removing the hair from the carcasses of animals such as hogs, cattle and the'like,

either before or after removal of the hide, and is particularly adapted to the dehairing of hogs in preparin them for the market.

Heretofore it has een customary to sub ject the carcasses of ho 's to the action of act mechanically;

beaters or scrapers whic to remove the hair loosened by preliminary scalding. Not only are such methods and devices expensive to install and to operate but the carcass is liable to be bruised or cut with consequent injury to the meat. By the present invention the removal of the hair is expeditiously eflected without danger of injury and the necessary'devices are inexpensive from the standpoints both of installation and maintenance.

In order that the invention maybe readily I understood by those skilled in the art, one embodiment of the same is set forth in the accompanying drawing and in the following detailed description based thereon. The invention is illustrated and described in connection with the de-hairing of hogs, it is obvious, as before stated, that it is equally applicable to the de-hairi'ng of other animals; alsothat the form of device illus-.

trated and described byway of example is susceptible of modification. within a wide range to suit varying requirements of service. In the drawing- 7 1 Figure 1 is a plan view partly in elevation .and partly in longitudinal section of one form of chute adapted to the carrying out of the invention; and

Fig. 2 is a cross sectional viewon the line,

or cvlinderthrough which the carcasses ofthe animals are transported by means oit chain 12, provided with transverse suspending bars 13, although. other means of trans portation maybe utilized. Theinteriorof the drum is shownfas providedwith aplu- 7 Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed ma a7, 1916. Serial no. 100,211.

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rality of longitudinally extending'fenders or guides 14 which serve the urpose of holding the carcass away from t e sides of the drum. Into the drum project a series .of nozzles 15 having flattened discharge 18 directed at a difl'erent inclination for applying the jets to the surface of the carcass beneath the joints, in the ears, and at other points not readily reached by the nozzles 15. These several nozzles project into'the drum to a point substantially flush with the inner surfaces of the fenders 14: and are protected from engaging the body of the animal by said fenders. It will be obvious that the fenders may be dispensed With and the nozzles may be arranged to terminate substantially flush with the inner surface of the. drum, in which case there would be no danger of engagement of the nozzle by the carcass.

The several nozzles '16 and 17 are arranged to be supplied from the header indicated at 19 with water under a high presupon the large number of nozzles in staggered relation or a single continuous suitably shaped nozzle to reach all parts of the carcass, or a small number of nozzles may he used and the carcass itself may be re- [volved so as to bring all parts ofithe body under'the'infiuence of the jetor jets; all

without departure from the invention herein described and claimed, the essential characteristic feature of the same being the subjection of the-carcass or hide to the action of water under high pressure applied obliquely to the surface, preferably in a direction opposite to the lay of the hair, and

advantageously at a temperature above nora sure and preferably from 150 to 250 pounds to the square inch, said water having a temlllitl facilitated and the skin is thoroughly cleaned, massaged and polished. In many cases it would be found advantageous to arrange above the water jets suita ly disposed gas nozzles for directing onto the carcass jets of flame for sin'geing the same, all of which would be Within the scope of my invention as hereinafter claimed.

I claim:

1. The method of de-hairing the hides of animals which consists in subjecting the same to the action of jets of fluid under pressure applied obliquely to the surface.

2. The method of de-hairing the hides of animals which consists in subjecting the same to the action of jets of fluid under pressure applied in a direction opposite the lay of the hair.

3. The method of de-hairing the hides of animals which consists in subjecting the same to the action of jets of water under pressure applied obliquely to the surface and in a direction opposite the lay of the hair.

4. The method of de-hairing the hides of animals which consists in subjecting the same to the action of jets of hot water under pressure.

5. The method of de-hairing the hides of animals which consists in subjecting the same to the action of jets of hot water under pressure applied obliquely to the surface and in a direction opposite the lay of the hair.

6. The method of de-hairing the hides of animals which consists in subjecting the same to the action of jets of water under pressure of 150 pounds and upward at a temperature of 120 degrees and upward.

7. The method of de-hairing the hides of animals which consists in subjecting the same to the action of jets of water under pressure of 150 pounds and upward at a temperature of 120 degrees and upward, said jets of water applied obliquely to the surface in a direction opposite the lay of the hair.

8. In an apparatus for de-hairing animals by pressure fluid impact, a nozzle adapted to direct a stream of fluid onto the surface of the carcass, means to supply the nozzle with water under pressure, and means to effect a relative movement of the animal and nozzle to bring different portions of the carcass under the action of the fluid.

9. In an apparatus for de-hairing animals by pressure fluid impact, a chute, means to conve the carcass through said chute, a nozzle a apted to direct a stream of water onto the surface of the carcass, and means to supply the said nozzle with water under high pressure.

face thereof, and means to supply the said nozzles with water under high pressure.

11. In an apparatus for de-hairing animals by pressure fluid impact, a chute, means to convey the carcass through said chute, nozzles arranged at an inclination to the direction of travel of the carcass and adapted to direct a stream of water onto the surface thereof, and means to supply the said nozzles' with hot Water under high pressure.

12. In an apparatus for dc-hairing animals by pressure fluid impact, a chute, means to convey the carcass through said chute, flattened nozzles arranged in staggered relation at an inclination to the direction of travel of the carcass and adapted to direct a stream of water onto the surface thereof, and means to supply the said nozzles with hot water under high pressure.

13. In an apparatus for de-hairing animals by pressure fluid impact, a chute, means to convey the carcass through said chute, nozzles arranged at different inclinations to the direction of travel of the carcass and adapted to direct streams of water onto the surface thereof, and means to supply the said nozzles with water under high pressure.

14. The method of removing hair from hogs which consists of directing upon the carcass of the animal a jet of boiling water at suflicient velocity to remove the hair by the mechanical force of the water.

15. The method of removing hair from the hides of animals which consists of directing a plurality of jets of boiling water upon the hide of the animal at diiferent angles and at such velocity that the mechanical force of the water detaches the hair from the hide.

16. The method of removing hair from the hides of animals which consists of discharging jets of boiling water simultaneously at different points upon the hide of the animal and at such velocity that the mechanical force of the water detaches the hair from the hide and moving the carcass relatively to said jets.

In witness whereof I have hereunto si ed my name in the presence of two subscri ing witnesses.

THOMAS K. LOWRY.

Witnesses:

ABRAM B. STRA'rroN, THOMAS J. KEooH. 

